Stress Levels Among Honorary Teachers in Schools in Banten Province, Indonesia: A Quantitative Descriptive-Comparative Study

Novita Sari; Poppy Ramadhani; Retno Ryani Kusumawati

doi:10.5281/zenodo.20676723

Authors

Novita Sari Psychology Study Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bina Bangsa University, Serang City, 42124, Indonesia
Poppy Ramadhani Psychology Study Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bina Bangsa University, Serang City, 42124, Indonesia
Retno Ryani Kusumawati Psychology Study Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bina Bangsa University, Serang City, 42124, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20676723

Keywords:

DASS-21, Honorary teachers, Occupational stress, Teacher mental health, Banten Province, Gender difference

Abstract

Purpose - This study aims to describe stress levels among honorary teachers in schools in Banten Province, Indonesia, and to examine whether stress levels differ significantly by gender.

Design/methodology/approach - This study employed a quantitative descriptive-comparative design with a non-experimental approach. A total of 109 honorary teachers were selected using purposive sampling. Stress was measured using the seven-item stress subscale of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Cronbach's Alpha reliability testing, assumption testing, and an independent samples t-test. Cohen's d was calculated to estimate the effect size of gender-based differences.

Findings - Most respondents were in the normal stress category, comprising 69 teachers (63.3% of the sample). However, 31 teachers (28.4%) experienced moderate to extremely severe stress. The DASS-21 stress subscale demonstrated good internal consistency, with Cronbach's Alpha of 0.888. The independent samples t-test indicated no significant difference in stress levels between male and female honorary teachers, t(107) = -0.482, p = 0.631, Cohen's d = -0.117.

Originality/value - This study provides empirical evidence on stress levels among honorary teachers in Banten Province and emphasizes the importance of accurate DASS-21 stress subscale scoring in interpreting psychological stress among non-permanent educators.

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Author Biographies

Novita Sari, Psychology Study Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bina Bangsa University, Serang City, 42124, Indonesia

Novita Sari is affiliated with the Psychology Study Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bina Bangsa University, Serang City, 42124, Indonesia. Her research interests include occupational health psychology, teacher well-being, and mental health assessment. She has experience in quantitative research methods and psychological measurement, particularly using the DASS-21 scale. She is actively involved in research focusing on the mental health of non-permanent educators in Indonesia.
Poppy Ramadhani, Psychology Study Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bina Bangsa University, Serang City, 42124, Indonesia

Poppy Ramadhani is affiliated with the Psychology Study Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bina Bangsa University, Serang City, 42124, Indonesia. Her research focuses on quantitative research methods, psychometrics, and educational psychology. She has expertise in statistical analysis, instrument development, and psychological assessment in educational settings.
Retno Ryani Kusumawati, Psychology Study Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bina Bangsa University, Serang City, 42124, Indonesia

Retno Ryani Kusumawati is affiliated with the Psychology Study Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bina Bangsa University, Serang City, 42124, Indonesia. Her research interests include educational psychology, teacher development, and psychological assessment. She serves as the Editor-in-Chief of Advances in Psychology Innovation (APSY). With extensive experience in educational psychology and teacher professional development, she has contributed significantly to research on teacher well-being, instructional quality, and student learning outcomes in Indonesia.

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